How does cold-rolling affect CBAM emissions?

Cold-rolling adds ~0.1-0.2 t CO2/t to the upstream hot-rolled emissions (~1.9 t/t direct for BF-BOF integrated mills). The additional emissions come from grid electricity for the cold mill rolls -- substantial but small relative to the upstream blast furnace.

Can I claim a lower CBAM bill if my cold-roller imports a low-carbon hot-rolled coil?

Yes. The supplier must allocate emissions per Reg. 2025/2621 Article 7. If they import a low-carbon EAF coil (0.5 t/t) and cold-roll it locally (+0.15 t/t), the CN 7209 product is ~0.65 t/t direct -- well below the EU default.

Are CRC (cold-rolled coil) and CRS (cold-rolled sheet) treated identically?

Yes. The CN code is the same, the sector is the same, and the emissions methodology is identical. The customs presentation form (coil vs. sheet) does not affect CBAM.

What about annealing and skin-passing?

These finishing steps (re-heating + light cold-pass) add a few percent to electricity use. Already included in the supplier's scope 2 number; do not add separately.

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Ücretsiz

CN 7209

Name: CN 7209 -- Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of >= 600 mm, cold-r
Brand: AutoCBAM
SKU: 7209

Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of >= 600 mm, cold-rolled "cold-reduced", not clad, plated or coated

✓ CBAM kapsamında Iron and steel

CBAM maliyet önizlemesi

Güncel ETS fiyatı: €76.15/t CO₂. Örnek: 1 ton CN 7209 varsayılan faktörlerle bugün ~€34.69 CBAM sertifika maliyeti.

Doğrudan emisyonlar: 4.28 t CO₂/t
Dolaylı emisyonlar: 0.275 t CO₂/t
CBAM cost (1000 t shipment): €34,686

Bu nasıl hesaplanır?

CBAM sertifika maliyeti = gömülü emisyon × ETS fiyatı × (1 − ücretsiz tahsis faktörü) × kademeli geçiş çarpanı.

Phase-in 2026: 10% of full certificate cost. Free allocation assumed 0% in this preview.

CBAM maliyetimi hesapla →

Varsayılan gömülü emisyonlar

Doğrulanmış tedarikçi verisine ulaşamadığınızda AB, Iron and steel sektörü için bu varsayılan değerleri kullanmanıza izin verir.

Köken	Doğrudan emisyonlar	Dolaylı emisyonlar	Total
India	4.28	—	4.28
China	3.205	—	3.205
Türkiye	2.51	—	2.51
South Korea	2.144	—	2.144
Japan	2.1429	—	2.1429

ton ürün başına ton CO₂e. Source: EU Implementing Reg. 2025/2621 Annex IV.

AB'ye en büyük ihracatçılar

Eurostat Comext, son mevcut yıl. Gösterilen rakamlar AB dışı ithalat (ton).

Köken	Ton / yıl	Pay
South Korea	690,000	31%
Japan	540,000	24%
China	480,000	22%
India	290,000	13%
Türkiye	230,000	10%

Source: Eurostat Comext annual extra-EU trade.

Bu kod için uyumluluk rehberi

AutoCBAM ekibi tarafından gözden geçirildi — son güncelleme 2026-04-28.

Methodology guide -- CN 7209 (cold-rolled flat steel)

Cold-rolled coil is downstream of CN 7208 -- the supplier takes a hot-rolled coil and reduces its thickness through cold rolls. This adds about 10% to total emissions but creates the higher-grade automotive, appliance and construction surfaces that dominate EU imports.

Step 1 -- understand the integrated emissions picture. A typical Korean integrated mill producing CN 7209 reports 1.9-2.1 t CO2/t direct (carrying the BF-BOF upstream) + 0.4 t CO2/t indirect (cold mill electricity). The EU 1.88 + 0.275 default is low-side for this code.

Step 2 -- ask suppliers to disaggregate scope 1 and scope 2. Cold-rolling is electricity-intensive -- the indirect emissions factor is sensitive to the local grid. A Korean mill on the KEPCO grid (~0.45 kg CO2/kWh) emits about 0.4 t CO2/t indirect; a Japanese mill on the JEPIC grid (~0.43 kg CO2/kWh) is similar. A Chinese mill in Hebei (coal-heavy, ~0.65 kg CO2/kWh) is much higher.

Step 3 -- check for downstream allocation issues. When a supplier produces both hot-rolled and cold-rolled output from the same upstream mill, mass and energy must be allocated correctly. Reg. 2025/2621 Article 7 mandates physical-allocation-by-mass for cold rolls -- challenge supplier numbers that look proportionally too low for the cold-rolled split.

Step 4 -- track quarterly exposure with the calculator. CRC import economics are competitive on per-tonne CBAM cost -- ~€0.95/tonne in 2026 -- but the tonnage compounds. A 50,000-tonne annual program is €47.5k in 2026; €475k by 2034.

Step 5 -- supplier audit cadence. Verified-data certificates expire on supplier-defined cadences. Re-verify every 12 months and at any change of production route or grid electricity contract.

Sıkça sorulan sorular

How does cold-rolling affect CBAM emissions?: Cold-rolling adds ~0.1-0.2 t CO2/t to the upstream hot-rolled emissions (~1.9 t/t direct for BF-BOF integrated mills). The additional emissions come from grid electricity for the cold mill rolls -- substantial but small relative to the upstream blast furnace.
Can I claim a lower CBAM bill if my cold-roller imports a low-carbon hot-rolled coil?: Yes. The supplier must allocate emissions per Reg. 2025/2621 Article 7. If they import a low-carbon EAF coil (0.5 t/t) and cold-roll it locally (+0.15 t/t), the CN 7209 product is ~0.65 t/t direct -- well below the EU default.
Are CRC (cold-rolled coil) and CRS (cold-rolled sheet) treated identically?: Yes. The CN code is the same, the sector is the same, and the emissions methodology is identical. The customs presentation form (coil vs. sheet) does not affect CBAM.
What about annealing and skin-passing?: These finishing steps (re-heating + light cold-pass) add a few percent to electricity use. Already included in the supplier's scope 2 number; do not add separately.

Bu ürün için emisyon-maliyet raporu alın

CN 7209 için sektör varsayılanları, ilk 3 köken ülke ve ETS bağlantılı maliyet öngörüsü içeren ücretsiz PDF.

Yalnızca referans veri — kesin CBAM kapsamı TARIC beyanı ve CBAM Ek I güncellemelerine bağlıdır.